KPM: Kulturni spomeniki v občini Radlje ob Dravi

Radlje ob Dravi

Samostan dominikank

(EŠD 5021)

G. M. Vischer: Topographia Ducatus Stiriae, Mahrenberg, 1681, bakrorez; samostan dominikank z mahrenberškim gradom, trgom, Kalvarijo in dvorcem v ozadju

Reichert: Mahrenberg, 1863–1866, litografija; pogled na samostan dominikank (levo) in dvorec Mahrenberg

Samostan dominikank je bil ustanovljen leta 1251. Ustanovila sta ga Siegfried Mahrenberški in njegova mati Gizela. Samostan je doživel razcvet med 13. in 15.stoletjem. V 16. stoletju so ga poškodovali Turki, dvakrat ga je poškodoval tudi požar. Zaradi slabega gradbenega stanja so nune med leti 1649 in 1666 postavile takorekoč nov samostan. Leta 1782 je bil samostan z jožefinskimi reformami razpuščen. Konec 18. stoletja so ga začeli podirati – najprej cerkev Marijinega vnebovzetja (cerkev z dolgim korom), nato vzhodni in prečni trakt ter del upravnega poslopja.

Po načrtih iz leta 1784 je bil samostan dvonadstropno poslopje, ki je oklepalo dve notranji dvorišči. Ob samostansko poslopje je bila prislonjena cerkev. Na severnem delu samostanskega kompleksa je bilo upravno gospodarsko poslopje, na zahodnem delu pa samostanski vrt. Celoten kompleks je obdajalo obzidje. Danes so od celotnega kompleksa ohranjeni južni trakt z delom jugozahodnega prizidka in severozahodni del samostana ter večji del upravno – gospodarskega poslopja.

Današnja podoba kompleksa kaže v glavnem arhitekturne detajle zgodnjega baroka iz 17. stoletja. Čeprav so izjemne stavbne prvine ohranjene le v posameznih elementih, kaže celoten kompleks zaradi vpletenosti v kulturno krajino eno najlepših ambientalnih zasnov v Sloveniji.

Samostan je imel tudi pomembno vlogo za nekdanji Mahrenberg in okolico. V njem so se razvijale lekarniška (prva lekarna v Evropi, od leta 1666), glasbena, dobrodelna, zdravstvena, izobraževalna in dušnopastriska dejavnost.

Marijino znamenje, ki je prvotno stalo pred samostanom, je bilo po razpustitvi samostana sprva prenešeno pred poslopje nekdanjega sodišča, nato pa leta 1978 pred cerkev sv. Mihaela v Radljah ob Dravi; portal, ki je vodil v samostan, pa je bil pred II. svetovno vojno ali po njej vzidan v južno fasado dvorca Mahrenberg.

KPM: Cultural Monuments of the Radlje ob Dravi Municipality

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Radlje ob Dravi

Dominican Monastery

(HRN 5021)

G. M. Vischer: Topographia Ducatus Stiriae, Mahrenberg, 1681, Dominican Monastery with Mahrenberg Castle, market town, Kalvarija (Calvary) and manor house in the background

Reichert: Mahrenberg, 1863–1866, lithograph; view of the Dominican Monastery (left) and the Mahrenberg Manor House

The Dominican Monastery was established in 1251. It was established by Siegfried of Mahrenberg and his mother Gisela. The monastery flourished between the 13th and 15th century. In the 16th century it was damaged by the Turks and later twice by the fire. Due to the poor state of the building, the nuns rebuilt it into an almost completely new monastery between 1649 and 1666. In 1782, the monastery was dissolved following the Josephine reforms. At the end of the 18th century, they began to tear it down – first, the Church of the Assumption of Mary (church with a long chancel), and later the eastern and transverse wings as a part of the administrative building.

According to the scheme from 1784, the monastery was a two-storey building enclosing two inner courtyards. The church was leaning at the monastery building. The northern part of the monastery facility had its administrative building, while in the western part of it was a monastery garden. The entire facility was surrounded with walls. Today, the southern wing with a part of the south-west and the north-west part of the monastery and the greater part of the administrative and agricultural building are preserved.

The today’s image of the building basically presents the architectural details of the early Baroque of the 17th century. Although the exceptional architectural elements were preserved only in some elements, the entire facility represents one of the most beautiful designs in Slovenia due to its interweaving with the man-made environment.

In addition, the monastery had an important role for the former Mahrenberg and its surrounding area. There evolved pharmacy (first pharmacy in Europe, since 1666), musical, charitable, medical, educational and pastoral activity.

The Column of Virgin Mary, which was originally located in front of the monastery, was after the dissolution of the monastery transferred to the front of the former court building and in 1978 in front of the St. Michael’s Church in Radlje ob Dravi; the portal leading to the monastery was built into the southern façade of the Mahrenberg Manor House before the World War II or after it.